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Exploring Dual Citizenship in U.S. Soccer: The Rise of Dual Nationals in the USMNT

Published

4 months ago

on

Thomas Deschaine (@uskeeper on X and us_keeper on Instagram)

Dual-national players have had a significant impact on U.S. soccer, bringing a range of styles and influences that have enhanced the team’s level of play. These players often possess the technical skills, tactical awareness, and experience that make them valuable assets to the U.S. national team.

The U.S. Soccer Federation (USSF) has been active in recruiting dual nationals, recognizing the growing importance of players born or raised abroad who have ties to the country. As globalization continues, it’s likely that the U.S. will continue to benefit from players who have the option of representing multiple nations.

The 1990s were a pivotal decade for the USMNT, marked by the strategic inclusion of dual-nationals that significantly bolstered the team’s talent pool. This influx of players with diverse international backgrounds allowed the team to compete at a higher level and achieve success previously out of reach. Today, the USMNT faces similar challenges in terms of depth and quality, leading many to wonder if a new wave of dual-nationals will emerge ahead of the 2026 World Cup, potentially reshaping the team’s future prospects.

Here’s a brief history of dual-national players in U.S. soccer:

Early History (Pre-1990s)

Dual-national players existed in the early years of U.S. soccer, there was no distinct “culture” of dual nationals as we know it today. In the early years, the U.S. was not a global soccer power, and many of the players had connections to other countries, but they were not as visible or influential as they would become in the coming decades.

Bert Patenaude (USA/Canada/France) – Scored the first hat-trick in FIFA World Cup history in 1930.

Aldo Donelli (USA/Italy) – Scored all four U.S. goals in a 1934 World Cup qualifier against Mexico.

Joe Gaetjens (USA/Haiti) – Scored the historic game-winning goal against England in the 1950 World Cup but later disappeared in Haiti under Duvalier’s regime.

Frank Borghi (USA/Italy) – Goalkeeper for the U.S. in the 1950 World Cup, born to Italian immigrants.

Harry Keough (USA/Ireland) – Defender on the 1950 World Cup squad, of Irish descent.

Walter Bahr (USA/Germany) – Midfielder and key player in the 1950 World Cup, of German descent.

Werner Roth (USA/Germany/Yugoslavia) – Captain of the U.S. team in the 1970s, born in Yugoslavia to German parents.

The Rise of Dual Nationals

In the mid to late 1980s and 1990s, the USMNT made a concerted effort to identify and recruit quality dual-nationals, significantly strengthening the team as they worked to assemble their best squad for the 1994 World Cup, which they were set to host.

Here is a look at some of the most prominent dual-national players for the USMNT during the 1980s and 1990s.

Hugo Pérez-20 (1984): Pérez held citizenship for both El Salvador and the United States.  Pérez became a key player in the USMNT’s development during the late 1980s and early 1990s.

Paul Caligiuri-20 (1984): Caligiuri held two citizenships, and his Italian heritage gave him the option to play for Italy. Instead, he chose to represent the U.S. at the international level and became a key figure in the team’s rise in the late 1980s and early 1990s. His commitment to the U.S. national team was crucial in helping shape the team’s success in that era.

Mike Windischmann-18 (1984): Windischmann is a clear example of a dual-national player who had the option to represent either the U.S. or Germany, given his family’s roots. Ultimately, he chose to play for the U.S. national team, and his contributions helped pave the way for U.S. soccer’s future success.

John Harkes-20 (1987): Harkes, with Scottish heritage through his parents, was eligible for dual citizenship. His father, Jim, hailed from Dundee, Scotland.

Jeff Agoos-19 (1988): Agoos holds citizenship in both the United States and Switzerland, where he was born. Despite his Swiss heritage, he chose to represent the USMNT and became one of the country’s most reliable defenders during his international career.

Marcelo Balboa-20 (1988): Balboa was of Mexican descent and had the option to represent Mexico; he is considered a dual-national who chose to represent the United States at the international level. His decision to play for the U.S. was a significant one, and he became one of the prominent figures in U.S. soccer during the 1990s.

Tab Ramos-21 (1988): Ramos holds both United States and Uruguayan citizenship. Ramos had many great moments for the USMNT and played a pivotal role in shaping the development of American soccer during the 1990s.

Fernando Clavijo-33 (1990): Clavijo is a dual-national because he held citizenship in both Uruguay and the United States. Despite his strong connection to Uruguay, he chose to represent the U.S. Men’s National Team during his playing career, where he became an important figure for the national team during the 1980s and early 1990s.

Earnie Stewart-21 (1990): Stewart was born in the Netherlands to American parents and played for both the Netherlands youth teams and the USMNT. Stewart chose to represent the U.S. and had a successful career, becoming one of the most well-known dual nationals in U.S. soccer history.

Thomas Dooley-30 (1992): Dooley is an excellent and notable example of a dual-national player, holding German and U.S. citizenship. He played for the U.S. Men’s National Team despite his German heritage, making significant contributions to the U.S. team’s success in the 1990s. His decision to represent the U.S. was pivotal for the team, especially during the 1994 World Cup and the subsequent years of growth in American soccer.

Roy Wegerle-28 (1992): Wegerle being born and raised in South Africa, became a U.S. citizen in 1991 and represented the United States in the 1994 and 1998 World Cups.

Claudio Reyna-20 (1994): Reyna was able to obtain a Portuguese passport through his parents. The former USMNT captain was a key figure in four World Cup squads, appearing in three of them throughout his illustrious career.

Predrag Radosavljević-33 (1996): Born in Serbia, Preki made his USMNT debut in 1996 at the age of 33, making him one of the oldest dual nationals to earn his first cap. Although he played in just 28 matches for the U.S., Preki earned a reputation as a “super sub,” often coming off the bench to score and assist in crucial second-half goals for the team.

The Future of Dual Nationals

With the 2026 World Cup just 14 months away and set to return to U.S. soil, will U.S. Soccer and Mauricio Pochettino look to bolster the squad by recruiting additional dual-national talent? With a fully healthy player pool, roster spots on the USMNT are limited. Strengthening the squad’s depth could be a crucial factor in building a competitive team capable of making a deep run on home soil.

Lucho Acosta-30 Reports suggest that Acosta is expected to obtain his U.S. citizenship in early 2025. If he joins the USMNT, he would be one of the older dual-nationals to do so, as he turns 31 at the end of May. His experience and leadership could provide valuable depth to the squad.

Noahkai Banks-18 Banks, recently named to the USMNT’s 60-man provisional roster for the March 2025 Nations League, is a promising teenage center-back who could provide much-needed depth to the squad’s backline.

Nathaniel Brown-21 Brown, a German left-back, could provide the USMNT with much-needed depth at the position but would need to complete a one-time switch to represent the American squad.

Noel Buck-19 Buck, who recently featured for England’s U-21 team, would need to file a one-time switch to rejoin the USMNT after reportedly being mishandled by the previous manager. With the 2026 World Cup approaching, it will be up to Matt Crocker and Mauricio Pochettino to persuade him to return to the American setup.

Cole Campbell-19 Campbell, another dual-national named to the USMNT’s 60-man provisional roster for the March 2025 Nations League, spoke with former USMNT dual-national Aron Johannsson, who is trying to convince him to switch his allegiance from Iceland to the United States.

Anrie Chase-20 Defender Anrie Chase, already competing at a high level in both the Bundesliga and Champions League, previously represented Japan’s U-23 team in 2021 and 2022 before making a single appearance for the U-23 USMNT in October 2023. At the moment, Chase appears more focused on his club career with VfB Stuttgart than on his international future. However, hopefully, Matt Crocker and Mauricio Pochettino will keep the lines of communication open as the USMNT continues to monitor his progress.

Damion Downs-20 Down, the third player on this list to be named to the USMNT’s 60-man provisional roster for the March 2025 Nations League, has been in excellent form with 10 goals and 5 assists in the 2. Bundesliga. His goal-scoring ability adds valuable depth to the USMNT’s striker pool.

Luca Koleosho-20 Koleosho’s club form has dipped in recent months, with playing time becoming increasingly limited. However, as an eligible dual-national, he remains a potential option for the USMNT, which is in need of added depth on the wings.

Conclusion

Dual-national players have played a critical role in the development of U.S. soccer, and this trend is likely to continue in the future. With global scouting networks and more players born abroad to American parents, the U.S. has the opportunity to draw from a diverse talent pool, giving them an advantage in international competitions.

Many believe that dual-nationals only choose the USMNT because they aren’t good enough to represent other countries. While it’s true that some players—past, present, and future—may not have a deep-rooted passion for the red, white, and blue, that doesn’t mean all dual-nationals lack pride in representing the United States. Until FIFA revises its rules regarding eligibility, the USMNT will continue to actively recruit and promote top talent—regardless of background—in its effort to build the strongest possible team.

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USMNT

Launching Caring Excellence in Northern Kentucky

Published

2 months ago

on

July 21, 2025

By

  • Caring for Villa Hills, Fort Thomas, Union, Florence, Crestview Hills and Northern Kentucky


Over the past few years, I’ve written here at Chasing A Cup about family, faith, leadership, and walking through life with intention. Some of you have been reading since the early days. Some of you prayed for my family. Some of you even rolled up your sleeves and gave blood — blood that was meant for my mom and others like her in their time of need.

I’ll never forget that.

Three years ago, my mom passed away. It was a season of heartbreak, but also one of clarity. As I stood beside my family — and as I supported others in our community grieving their own parents — I came to understand how deeply care matters. Not just in hospitals or emergencies, but in the everyday: the quiet, complicated, deeply human moments that make up the final chapters of someone’s life.

That realization stayed with me. And over time, it changed the direction of my work.

For most of my career, I worked in product management — building teams, delivering systems, and leading with structure and strategy. I still believe in all of that. But I also wanted to build something more personal. Something rooted not just in outcomes, but in presence and compassion.

That’s why Sarah and I decided to open a Caring Excellence office in Northern Kentucky.

Caring Excellence has been serving families across Kentucky for over 13 years. It’s a family-owned, fully licensed home care agency that specializes in non-medical, in-home support for seniors and adults — help with daily living, memory care, companionship, and more. And now, we’re proud to bring that same level of compassionate, character-driven care to Florence and the surrounding region.

Our new Northern Kentucky office serves families in places like Villa Hills, Union, Fort Thomas, Crestview Hills, and Florence — communities filled with multi-generational households, strong family ties, and seniors who deserve to age with dignity.

At Caring Excellence, we focus on people first. We don’t just fill schedules — we carefully match caregivers to clients based on personality, needs, and values. Sarah leads our caregiver hiring, drawing from her years of experience as both a caregiver and healthcare professional. She looks not just for skill, but for heart — people of integrity, empathy, and real compassion.

As for me, I now use my business background to support the team behind the scenes — building systems, developing processes, and making sure our caregivers have the tools and training they need to serve others well.

This new venture is deeply personal. It’s also missional. It’s about stepping into people’s lives when they need support most and offering something simple, but powerful: peace of mind.

We’re not moving to Florence, but we’re fully committed to this region. We’re investing in it — by hiring local caregivers, building relationships with local providers, and offering families home care in Northern Kentucky a trusted option for high-quality home care.

To those of you who’ve been on this journey with me — through writing, through prayer, through donating blood when we needed it most — thank you. I hope this new chapter reflects what we’ve always believed in here: that service matters, character counts, and small acts of care can ripple further than we think.

If you know someone in Northern Kentucky who needs support — in Union, Villa Hills, Crestview Hills, Fort Thomas, or Florence — we’d be honored to walk alongside them.

Thanks for reading, and for being part of the story.

—Marcus

Learn More
To learn more about Caring Excellence and our in-home care services for Northern Kentucky families, visit:
https://caringexcellenceathome.com/northern-kentucky-office

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USMNT

Concacaf Gold Cup is becoming tarnished

Published

3 months ago

on

June 14, 2025

By

Thomas Deschaine (@uskeeper on X and us_keeper on Instagram)

Not long ago, winning your confederation’s tournament earned a spot in the FIFA Confederations Cup, a prestigious competition held in the World Cup host nation the summer before the world’s biggest tournament.

The tournament featured the champions of all six confederations (AFC, CAF, CONCACAF, CONMEBOL, OFC, and UEFA), along with the reigning FIFA World Cup winner and the host nation, rounding out the field to eight teams. The tournament was last played in 2017.

The Concacaf Gold Cup is a semi-cycle tournament played in the first and third years of the cycle. The CAF Africa Cup of Nations is the only other confederation that plays two tournaments a cycle, and in many circles, the frequency of the Concacaf Gold Cup and the addition of the Concacaf Nations League has made the Gold Cup a throwaway tournament for the USMNT, as it’s been six years since the so called A list player pool has played in the event.

It raises the question for FIFA and Concacaf: should the Gold Cup be played once a cycle, and should FIFA consider bringing back the Confederations Cup?

The USMNT won the inaugural Gold Cup in 1991 and has claimed seven of the 17 editions since. Only two other CONCACAF nations Mexico (9) and Canada (1)—have lifted the trophy, and both are contenders in this edition.

The USMNT has a strong track record at the Gold Cup, finishing first in their group every year except 2011. They’ve reached 12 finals, with a record of 69 wins, 12 draws, and 9 losses, scoring 189 goals and conceding just 60


Gold Cup Player Stats

Across 17 editions of the Gold Cup, the USMNT has netted 189 goals, conceded just 60, and recorded 50 clean sheets. Here’s a look at the players who made it happen, those who found the back of the net, and those who kept it out.

Goals


18-Landon Donovan
13-Clint Dempsey
9-Eric Wynalda
8-Brian McBride
7-Jesus Ferreira

Assists


16-Landon Donovan
7-Michael Bradley
6-DaMarcus Beasley
6-Alejandro Bedoya
6-Eric Wynalda
5-Clint Dempsey

Wins


17-Kasey Keller
11-Tim Howard
8-Tony Meola
7-Matt Turner

Shutouts


14-Kasey Keller
8-Tim Howard
6-Tony Meola
6-Matt Turner

Captain

10-Michael Bradley
10-Kasey Keller
9-Carlos Bocanegra
8-Tony Meola
7-Claudio Reyna

Gold Cup Manager Stats

Over the past 34 years, the USMNT has reached 12 of the 17 Gold Cup finals under the leadership of seven different managers. Here’s a look at how each of them performed.

Matches Coached


25-Bruce Arena
18-Bob Bradley
12-Gregg Berhalter
12-Jurgen Klinsmann
10-Bora Milutinovic
8-Steve Sampson
5-B.J. Callaghan

Matches Won


19-Bruce Arena – GF-52-, GA-14
14-Bob Bradley – GF-34, GA-17
11-Gregg Berhalter – GF-26, GA-3
9-Jurgen Klinsmann – GF-32, GA-9
8-Bora Milutinovic – GF-15, GA-8
6-Steve Sampson – GF-14, GA-5
2-B.J. Callaghan – GF-16, GA-4

Gold Cup Trophies


3-Bruce Arena
1-Gregg Berhalter
1-Bob Bradley
1-Jurgen Klinsmann
1-Bora Milutinovic

Conclusion

In the future, U.S. Soccer and the USMNT should clearly communicate roster expectations for the Gold Cup, especially if a full A-list squad is not planned. Transparency on this front is essential, as it directly affects fan interest and attendance.

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Club News

From Louisville to Lisbon: Joshua Wynder’s Journey with S.L. Benfica

Published

3 months ago

on

June 13, 2025

By

The current state of the USMNT has been at an all-time low since Couva in 2017.  One of the positions in dire situation is Center Back.  Tim Ream will be 38 by the time of the 2026 World Cup.  Chris Richards has too many highs and lows and has not shown his club form with the US.  Cameron Carter-Vickers and Auston Trusty have yet to perform for the national team.  Miles Robinson, despite what many MLS fans want to believe, is not good enough and makes too many errors, like the second Turkish goal on June 7th, 2025.  Walker Zimmerman has one World Cup left in him and he has a history of making critical errors as well, like the penalty against Gareth Bale in the 2022 World Cup.  Lastly, Mark McKenzie has improved his game since his move to Toulouse, but he is lacking the deserved opportunities and a good partnership.

Our U20 CBs will need to be called up sooner rather than later, either before or immediately after the 2026 World Cup.  The top 3 prospects by fans and analysts are Noahkai Banks, Matai Akinmboni, and Joshua Wynder.  Of the three, Joshua Wynder is the oldest at 20 years old and is part of a club that is world-renowned for their development, S.L. Benfica.

How did Wynder manage to accomplish such a move from Louisville City in the USL Championship to Benfica?  To summarize, Wynder had a breakout season for Lou City at 17 years old in 2022, so much so that he was included in the US U20 World Cup team in 2023. 

LOUvOKC.Photographer: EM Dash Photography

Wynder secured a spot to go on trial at Benfica and passed.  On June 8th, 2023, Benfica officially acquired Joshua Wynder from Lou City for a record-breaking $1.2 million transfer fee, which still stands today.

Louisville City FC, LOUvPIT.Photographer: EM Dash Photography

Benfica registered Wynder with the second team for the 2023/2024 season, who participate in Liga Portugal 2.  Due to Portuguese rules (players play in the youth system until they are 19 years old), he spent the season with Benfica’s UEFA Youth League team and U23 team and only received 21 minutes with the B team until a season-ending injury.  What began as a promising start, with the support of the fans, was cut short after just six matches.  The following season went according to plan for Wynder.  Wynder became a consistent starter for the B team where he started in 29 matches and appeared in a total of 31 matches.  He also scored four goals, all headers from corners. 


His success with the B team made him a fan-favorite and several calls to be called up to the first team by fans on social media.  That day came on April 9th, 2025, when he made the team sheet for Benfica’s Taça de Portugal Semi-Final match against FC Tirsense.  Wynder made his first team debut when he was subbed in at the 76th minute mark of that match.  He made a following appearance on the bench for the first team in their second leg match against FC Tirsense.

As early as November 27, 2024, it was reported by Glorioso 1904 that Joshua Wynder had gained the attention of the Benfica manager, Bruno Lage.  The report further said that Wynder was becoming an option for the next season’s first team.  A similar report surfaced on March 25, 2025, by Record, in Portugal, that Wynder is on track to be with the first team for the 2025/2026 season.  That day may be coming sooner rather than later.  Joshua Wynder will be joining Benfica on their 2025 Club World Cup campaign.  This will be a true test for him to prove to Bruno Lage that he is ready to be part of the first team for the upcoming 2025/2026 Liga Portugal and UEFA Champions League season.  If he is given serious minutes with the first team and performs, Joshua Wynder needs to be considered for the 2026 World Cup or immediately following the World Cup.


Benfica is in Group C of the Club World Cup with Auckland City, Bayern München, and Boca Juniors.  Their first match is against Boca Juniors, 33-time Argentine champions, on June 16th.  Game two is on June 20th against 10-time New Zealander champions, Auckland City FC.  Lastly, their 3rd group stage match is against the 6-time UEFA Champions League winners, Bayern München, on June 24th.

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